Stephbx shaw black



- (MorleL) S. '8. BLACK.

RAILWAY CAR SEAT-. v No. 287,999. Patented Nov. 6, 1883.

Air-F551 L m MSZJT A UNITED STATES PATENT Fries.

STEPHES SHAW BLACK, OF FREDERIOTON, NEWV BRUNSW'IGK, CANADA.

RA! LWAY-CAR SEAT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 287,999, dated November6, 1883.

Application filed January 16, 1883. (ModeL) To all whom it mag/concern:

Be it known that I, STEPHEN SHAW BLACK,

of Fredericton, in the county of York,l?rvince of New Brunswick, Canada,have invented a this result is fully illustratedin the accom panyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 shows one section consisting of five seats,part of whichare arranged for sleeping purposes and part for day travel.Fig. 2 is a plan of seat-back B or 13, showing the plane or uncushionedside with bolts and look attached. Fig. 4 indicates the form of boltused to attach the side bars of seat-backs-to the seatframes. Fig. 5 isa view of a side bar and fixture riveted together, showing that sidewhich is in contact with the end of seat-back when secured to it. v Fig.6 shows means of holding upper cushion in position and supporting lowercushion.

The seat-backs in ordinary day passengercoaches are of a concave-convexform,and are 3 5 provided with a side bar similar to that shown in Fig.1at L,which is directly attached by its cross-piece to the frame of theback, and by a rivet through its other extremity to the seatframe-A atm. This form of back not being suitable for the purpose in view, Ihaveadopted the form shown in'the drawings,which is constructed in a mannerprecisely similar to that pursued in making the cushions-that is, a

wooden frame-work provided with cross-slats tosupport spiral springs,over which a suitable covering is appliedand invented the form of sidebar L and fixture F, Fig. 1, and L and fixture F, Fig. 5. This side bardiffers from the ordinary one in this: A portion, in, is allowed toproject across the center m, Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 illustrates the lock in detail.

secured to the frame of the back by screws.

It is provided with a projection, a, Fig. 5, which projects inwardacross the back, as shown in Fig. 2 at a. This projecting piece has theform of a hollow cylinder, and is intended to carry the outer end ofbolt H, Fig. 2, in a secure and safe manner.

The side bar L, Fig. 1, has a pair of horns projecting sidewise,throughthe outer extremities 'oiwhich are holes 0 and 1). These holes are thesame radial distance from the center '8 as the hole through theprojection to, Fig. 2; hence a bolt passing through the center of awould pass through 0 or p, as the case may be. These holes 0 and p arealso so arranged in relation to the center 5 and the outer side of backs'B and B that when the backs are rotated on their long axes passingthrough the centers 1'- and 1?, so as to bring either the soft side orhard side uppermost, the bolts H will, in' passing into the holes and1;,fix the backs at an angle of forty-five degrees (more or less) to thelongaxis of the side bars L, which is the angle required by the backs Band B when adjusted to form part of the upper sleeping-berth;

\Vhen the bolts H pass through the holes 0 and 0, the backs are secured(at right angles) to the long axes of the side 'bars L, in whichposition they are fixed when used as day seats, as shown at B, Fig. 1.

In the case of side bar L, Fig. 5, the horns are dispensed with, and theholes 0, and p are in the line of the centers and m. p This is the sidebar used for back B, and the holes are so arranged because the back inany case requires to be at'right'angleswith the side bar,

the reason for which is obvious on referenceto the drawings, Fig. 1.This bar is provided with a longer slot than the others, for the reasonthat it is neoessary'for back B to drop down farther than the others onthe bolts m, in order to make it correspond in height with B andB,-which are lowered by the angularity of their side bars L and L. o

In Fig. 1, A indicates the seat-frame; B B

,B, &c., the backs, as already described, and

O the seat-cushions; C, the under cushions, four of which are providedfor each section, to fill the four interspaces between the fiveseat-cushions when needed. receptacle, of canvas or other suitablematerial, hung to the seat cross-bars to receive and protect the undercushion from the feet of travelers by day. These cross-bars are made ofmetal, to economize space. f f f, &c., are the foot-rests. 1" rr, &c.,are sockets on the inner side of frame to receive small end w of sidebars, L L L, 820. P is a panel inserted for night use between the sidebars L and L, to

separate the two lower berths from one another.

B and B are backs provided with ordinary side bars, attached to frame Aand Aby rivets at m and m. n is a support to incline head- I cushion oflower berth when desired. Metallic pocket e.

In Fig. 2 the locking device G, attached to the rotating backs, isshown. H and H are bolts; Fan'd F, the fixtures; a and u, the proj ec-'tions of F and F, which carry the outer ends of bolts H and H. The innerextremities of bolts Hand Hare shown in Fig. 3. One is forked, as at I,and receives between its two parts the inner end of the opposing bolt,J. These are provided with fixed pins K and K, of sufficient length toproject through the curved slots 8 ands in theupper plate, G. The forkedbolthead I is received in the depression 11 in the base of the lock G,and the corresponding extremity, J, of the opposing bolt also, the

' the handle 9 is turned, the pins K and K being through the slots 8 ands, the bolts will travel outward or inward, as the case may be. WVhenthe lever g is in the position indicated in Fig. 2, the bolts are thrustoutward, and, when desired, into the holes in side bar 0 and 0 or p and1), Fig. 1. lVhen it is in the position indicated by the dotted line 9,Fig. 2, the bolts are withdrawn and the back is free to rotate on itscentersi and i. The outer end of lever g is slightly curved, so as tograsp the body of bolt H and be secured in that position. Fig.4 showsthe form of bolt used to secure side bars of the backs which form upperberths to seat-frames. The flattened portion of the e is a pocket orbody next the head corresponds in thickness to the width of slot in theside bar L or L. The, greater diameter of this portion corresponds tothe diameter of hole at lower end of slot m in side bar L or L. Thisbolt is secured to the frame A in such a waythat the sides of theflattened portion will be parallel to the long axis of side bar when itslower extreinityw is directly opposite the socket r on inside of 7 sidebars,with back attached,will swing freely around the center m, until thelower end of bar w is opposite socket at 1*, when it will drop into itunless supported by the hand until it is past that point.

The operation of this improvement is as fol lows: When it is desired toarrange the day seats as berths, the seat-cushions G C and O areremoved. The under cushions, O O and O, are then placed between theseats, supported on the cross-bars by the cleats d and d, one being ateither end of each lower cushion. The panel P is then removed from thepocket under the center seat of the section and adjusted between sidebars L and L, the back B having been previously turned through half arevolution on the centers 6 t, bringing the cushioned side up. This backis then swung upward till its side bars are in a vertical position, whenthey drop into their sockets. This forms a safe andrigid support for thecentral portion of, upper berth. The back, when swung up on the centersm and m, presents the lock G uppermost. The lever g is then turned,withdrawing boltsH and H, Fig. 2, as already described, which leaves theback free to be rotated on its centers i and t when it is turned softside up. The hand is then thrust beneath the back and the lever greplaced, when everything is secure.

justed for night use, it will be impossible for themto be removed fromtheir position without first reversing them by bringing the cushion sideundermost. This is due to the inclination of the side bars, and the factthat the centers '5 and z are nearer the outside margin of the back thanthe inside or cushioned surface, so that when the latter surface isturned upward the side bars could not be lifted from their sockets, asthe back B or B would impinge against the edge of central back, B.

The two outer backs, B and B, have a slight inclination upward from theback B, as shown in Fig. 1, the object of which is to make the bed morecomfortable, and at the same time to allow more room for the passelrgers occupying the lower berths. The backs B and B form head-boards tothe lower berths, and the panelP a foot-board common to both. Curtainsare provided to inclose the ends of upper berth.

GO, 850., are then renplaced. After the backs B and B are ad- Havingthus fully described my invention, 7

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A. mechanism consisting of the backs B, 5 B, and 13, looks G, sidebars L and L, and

frame A, having sockets and pivots for supporting the side bars L and L,whereby the seats of a railway-ear can be converted into berths fornight travel by raisingand secur- 10 mg in a horizontal position thebacks of the seats, all as described and specified.

2. An improved car-seat back, provided with the lock G, constructed asherein described, and arranged to operate the bolts H r 5 and H, all asherein shown and specified.

3. An improved car-seat, consisting of the adjustable back B,havingattached to it the fixture F, provided with projection a, and theside bar L, with slot m and extended portion w, in combination with thebolts H H, 20

lock G, and sockets '2 r in seat-frame A.

4. The combination, with a railroad-car, of

the improved seat, as herein described, consisting of the two cushions Gand O, adjust able rotating back B, with side bars L and L", movablepanel P, bolts H and H, and lock G, and seat-frame A, provided withsockets 1' and pocket 6, suspended by metalie crossbars, all ashereinbefore described, and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing improvement in car-seats forrailway-cars, as above described, I have hereunto set my hand.

STEPHEN SHAWV BLACK.

Witnesses? HAVELOCK Gov, KATE S. BLACK.

